Sudan

Extensive use of explosive weapons has been reported since the outbreak of the ongoing armed conflict between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) on 15 April 2023, adding new unexploded ordnance (UXO) to existing contamination. As at May 2025, there were no indications that the conflict had included new use of cluster munitions. Survey and clearance restarted in 2024 having been halted for a year by the hostilities, with the focus on clearing UXO and abandoned explosive ordnance (AXO). No cluster munition remnants (CMR) have been reported as being identified or destroyed during this clearance.

• Sudan should accede to the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) as a matter of priority.

• Sudan should submit an annual voluntary Article 7 report to the CCM disaggregating submunitions from other UXO and reporting according to International Mine Action Standards (IMAS) land release terminology.

• Sudan should comply with its obligations under international human rights law to clear CMR on territory under its jurisdiction or control as soon as possible.

• Sudan should reassess its timeline for addressing CMR and other UXO as soon as reasonably possible, and should develop a work plan on how this will be achieved.

• Sudan should develop a resource mobilisation strategy increasing its international advocacy to attract new and former donors as soon as reasonably possible.

Click here to download the full "Clearing Cluster Munition Remnants 2025" report for Sudan.