Sudan

Extensive use of explosive weapons has been reported since the outbreak of the ongoing armed conflict between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) on 15 April 2023, adding new unexploded ordnance (UXO) to existing contamination. As at April 2026, there were no indications that the conflict had included new use of cluster munitions. There was a focus in 2025 on clearance of landmines and explosive remnants of war (ERW) in SAF-controlled areas, including in Khartoum, but no survey or clearance of cluster munition remnants (CMR) was conducted for a third consecutive year. Despite increased donor interest in mine action in Sudan in 2025, the overall scale of need continues to far exceed capacity.

• Sudan should accede to the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) as a matter of priority.

• Sudan should submit an annual voluntary Article 7 report to the CCM disaggregating submunitions from other UXO and reporting according to International Mine Action Standards (IMAS) land release terminology.

• Sudan should comply with its obligations under international human rights law to clear CMR on territory under its jurisdiction or control as soon as possible.

• Sudan should elaborate a timeline and work plan for addressing CMR and other UXO as soon as reasonably possible and when security conditions allow, and develop a clear prioritisation framework to support the plan.

• Sudan should develop a resource mobilisation strategy increasing its international advocacy to attract new and former donors as soon as reasonably possible.

Click here to download the full "Clearing Cluster Munition Remnants 2026" report for Sudan.